Some common functional groups

GROUP ENDING GEN. FORMULA / STRUCTURE EXAMPLE
ALKANE - ane RH C2H6 ethane
ALKENE - ene C2H4 ethene
ALKYNE - yne C2H2 ethyne
HALOALKANE halo - RX C − Cl C2H5Cl chloroethane
ALCOHOL - ol ROH C2H5OH ethanol
ALDEHYDE -al RCHO CH3CHO ethanal
KETONE - one RCOR CH3COCH3 propanone
CARBOXYLIC - oic acid RCOOH CH3COOH ethanoic acid
ACID
ACYL - oyl chloride RCOCl CH3COCl ethanoyl chloride
CHLORIDE
AMIDE - amide RCONH2 CH3CONH2 ethanamide
ESTER - yl - oate RCOOR CH3COOCH3 methyl ethanoate
NITRILE - nitrile RCN CH3CN ethanenitrile
AMINE - amine RNH2 C − NH2 CH3NH2 methylamine
NITRO - nitro RNO2 CH3NO2 nitromethane
SULPHONIC - sulphonic RSO3H C6H5SO3H benzene sulphonic
ACID acid acid
ETHER - oxy - ane ROR R-O-R C2H5OC2H5 ethoxyethane